English grammar: lesson 2

Verb to be: am/ is/ are (questions)

Positive
I	am
you	are
he, she, it	is
we	are
you
they

Question
Am	I?
Are	you?
Is	he? she? it?
Are	we?
	you?
	they?

[figura: uma menina pergunta e um rapaz responde. Balões ilustram cada frase. ]

– What’s your name?

David.

– Are you married?

No, I’m single.

– How old are you?

25.

– Are you a student?

Yes. I am.

• ‘Am I late?’ / ‘No, you’re on time’.
• ‘Is your mather at home?’ / ‘No, she is out.’
• ‘Are your parente at home?’ / ‘No, they are out.’
• ‘Is it cold in your room?’ / ‘Yes, a little.’
• Your shoes are nice. Are they new?

We say:

• Is she at home? / Is your mother at home? (*not ‘Is at home your mother?’)
• Are they new? / Are your shoes new? (*not ‘Are new your shoes?’)

– Where ...? / What ... ? / Who ...? / How ... ? / Why ... ?

• Where is your mother? Is she at home?
• Where are you from? — Canada.
• What color is your car? — It’s red.
• How are you parents? Are they well?
• How much are these postcards? — Fifty pence.
• How old is joe? — He’s 24.
• Why are you angry?

– what’s = what is / who’s = who is / where’s = where is

• What’s the time?
• Who’s that man?
• Where’s Jill?
• How’s your father?

short answers [quadro]

Short answers
Am	I?	Am	I?
Yes,	I am.	No,	I am not.
Yes,	you are.	No,	you are not / aren’t.
Yes,	he is.	No,	he is not / isn’t.
Yes,	she is.	No,	she is not / isn’t.
Yes,	it is.	No,	it is not / isn’t.
Yes,	we are.	No,	we are not / aren’t.
Yes,	you are.	No,	you are not / aren’t.
Yes,	they are.	No,	they are not / aren’t.

• Are you tired? /Yes, I am.
• Are you hungry? /No, I’m not but I’m thirsty.
• Is your friend english? /Yes, he is.
• Are these your keys? /Yes, they are.
• That’s my seat. /No, it isn’t.

– Links

Unit 1) am/ is/ are; Unit 43) questions; Unit 46) what/ which/ how.

Exercises

2.1. Find the right answers for the questions.

1) Where’s the camera? __________ ; 2) Is your car blue? __________ ; 3) Is Linda from London? __________ ; 4) Am I late? __________ ;
5) Where’s Ann From? __________ ; 6) What colour is your bag? __________ ; 7) Are you hungry? __________ ; 8) How is George? __________ ;
9) Who’s that woman? __________ ;

1) G: It is in your bag; 2) F: No, it’s black.; 3) H: No, she’s American.; 4) C: Yes, you are.
5) A: London.; 6) E: Black.; 7) B: No, I’m not.; 8) I: Very well.; 9) D: My sister.

A. London. B. No, I’m not. C. Yes, you are. D. My sister. E. Black. F. No, it’s black. G. In your bag. H. No, she’s American. I. Very well.

Answers

2.2. Make questions with these words. Use is or are.

1. (at home/ your mother?) ..... . 2. (your parents/ well?) ..... . 3. (interesting/ your job?) ..... . 4. (the shops/ open today?) ..... . 5. (interested in sport/ you? ..... . 6. (near here/ the post office?) ..... . 7. (at school/ you children?) ..... . 8. (why/ you/ late?) ..... .

Answers:

1) Is your mother at home? 2) Are your parents well? 3) Is your job interesting? 4) Are the shops open today? 5) Are you interested in sport? 6) Is the post office near here? 7) Are your chldren at school? 8) Why are/Why’re you late?

2.3. Complete the questions. Use What.../ Who.../ Where.../ How... .

1. ..... your parents? They’re very well. 2. ..... the bus stop? At the end of the street. 3. ..... your children? Five, six and ten. 4. ..... these oranges? £1.20 a kilo. 5. ..... your favorite sport? Skiing. 6. ..... the man in this photograph? That’s my father. 7. ..... your new shoes? Black.

Answers: 1) How are your parents? 2) Where’s/is the bus stop? 3) How old are your children? 4) How much are these oranges? 5) What’s/is your favorite sport? 6) Who’s the man in this photograph? 7) What color are your new shoes?

2. 4. Write the questions. (Read the answers first.)

1. (name) ..... . Paul. 2. (married or single?) ..... I’m married. 3. (American?) ..... . No, I’m Australian. 4. (how old?) ..... . I’m 30. 5. (a teacher?) ..... . No I’m a lawyer. 6. (wife a lawyer?) ..... . No, she’s a designer. 7. (from?) ..... . She’s Italian. 8. (her name?) ..... . Anna. 9. (how old?) ..... . She’s 27.

Answers: 1) What’s your name? 2) Are you married or single? 3) Are you American? 4) How old are you? 5) Are you a teacher? 6) Is your wife a lawyer? 7) Where’s she from? 8) What’s her name? 9) How old is she?

2. 5. Write short answers (Yes, I am. No, he isn’t. etc.). 1. Are you married? 2. Are you thirsty? 3. Is it cold today? 4. Are your hands cold? 5. Is it dark now? 6. Are you a teacher?

Answers: 1) Yes, I’m. No, I’m not. 2) Yes, I’m. No, I’m not. 3) Yes, it’s/is. No, it is not/isn’t. 4) Yes, they’re/are. No, they are not/aren’t. 5) Yes, it’s/is. No, it is not/isn’t. 6) Yes, I’m. No, I’m not.